肝海绵状血管瘤外科治疗20年的经验与反思

目的 总结肝海绵状血管瘤外科治疗的经验.方法 回顾性分析1986年至2005年解放军总医院连续施行肝海绵状血管瘤切除术的345例患者的临床资料,探讨其外科治疗策略.结果 肝海绵状血管瘤患者男女之比为1:1.8.术前未发现或未明确诊断而因其他原因于术中或术后发现的肝海绵状血管瘤共18例(5.2%).肝海绵状血管瘤发病部位以右半肝居多,占16.2%(56/345).肿瘤直径<5.0 cm者占26.5%(91/344)、5.0～10.0 cm者占50.3%(173/344),>10.0 cm者占23.2%(80/344),平均直径为(8.0±5.0)cm(1例无直径记录).术前Child评分为A级者占99.7%(323/324).全组均采用右肋缘下斜切口施行肿瘤剜除术.术后并发症发生率为11.3%(39/345),病死率为0.3%(1/345).肝尾状叶海绵状血管瘤共切除11例,其中施行孤立性尾状叶切除9例.结论 部分肝海绵状血管瘤可误诊为肝实质性肿瘤.肝海绵状血管瘤切除术(包括尾状叶切除术)已成为较安全的手术,术中最主要的风险是切除肿瘤过程中的大量出血.

A survey of surgical treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangioma during 20 years

Objective To summarize the experience in surgical treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangioma (HCH). Methods The clinical data of 345 patients who received HCH resection in General Hospital of PLA from 1986 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The ratio between male and female patients was 1/1.8. Eighteen patients (5.2%) were incidentally found with HCH during or after operation. Most of the HCH were located in the right lobe, with the proportion of 16.2% (56/345). Ninety-one patients (26.5%) had small HCH (diameter<5.0 cm), 173 (50.3%) had large HCH (diameter ranging from 5.0-10.0 cm), and 80 (23.2%) had giant HCH (diameter>10.0 cm). The mean diameter of the HCH was (8.0±5.0) cm. Three hundred and twenty-three (99.7%) patients were with Child pugh A. Right subcostal incision and enucleation were performed on all patients. The incidence of postoperative complications and mortality were 11.3% (39/345) and 0.3% (1/345), respectively. Caudate lobe resection was performed on 9 of 11 patients with the tumor located in caudate lobe. Conclusions Some HCHs may be easy to be misdiagnosed as hepatic solid tumor. HCH resection (inclu-ding hepatic caudate lobectomy) is safe for patients with HCH, and the most severe operative complication is massive bleeding during hepatectomy.