乌鲁木齐市天山区35岁以上成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查及相关因素分析

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市天山区35岁以上成人慢性肾脏病（CKD）的流行病学特征及危险因素。 方法 以分层多级整群抽样法，对乌鲁木齐市天山区4个社区的2131名35岁以上常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。 结果 在2131名资料完整的居民中，经年龄、性别校正后，白蛋白尿的患病率为2.63%（95%CI：1.78%~3.48%）；血尿的患病率为7.43%（95%CI：6.11%~8.75%）；肾功能下降的患病率为1.72%（95%CI：1.08%~2.35%）。该人群CKD的患病率为9.99%（95%CI：8.47%~11.55%），知晓率为2.44%。多因素Logistic回归显示，白蛋白尿、血尿、年龄增加10岁、高尿酸血症与肾功能下降独立相关；血尿、肾功能下降与白蛋白尿独立相关；白蛋白尿、肾功能下降、女性与血尿独立相关。 结论 作为中国西部大城市，乌鲁木齐市35岁以上成人CKD的患病率为9.99%，知晓率为2.44%；CKD的危险因素与我国大城市及西方发达国家类似。

Epidemiology investigation and associated factors analysis of chronic kidney disease among adults older than 35 years in Tianshan district of Urumqi, Xinjiang

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)and risk factors in the adult population of Tianshan district in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Methods A total of 2131 residents from 4 communities in Tianshan district of Urumqi city were randomly selected using a stratified, multistage sampling. All the residents were interviewed and tested for morning spot urine of albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) (abnormal ≥ 30 mg/g), morning spot urine dipstick of hematuria ( abnormal ＞3 red blood cells/HP or greater) and pyuria ( abnormal＞ 5 white blood cells/HP) confirmed by microscopy. Renal function was determined with abbreviated MDRD equation [reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)＜60 ml ·min-1 ·(1.73 m2)-1]. The associations of kidney damage indicators with age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, income,education, cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking were examined. Results Eligible data of 2131 subjects were collected in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, the prevalence of albuminuria was found in 2.63％ (95％CI:1.78％-3.48％) of subjects, hematuria in 7.43％(95％CI:6.11％-8.75％) and reduced renal function in 1.72％(95％CI:1.08％-2.35％).Approximately 9.99％(95％CI:8.47％-11.55％) of subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that albuminuria, hematuria, age and hyperuricemia were independently associated with reduced renal function. Hematuria and reduced renal function were independently associated with albuminuria. Albuminuria, reduced renal function and female were independently associated with hematuria. Conclusion In urban adult population over 35 years old of Urumqi, a big city in western China, the prevalence of CKD is 9.99％, the recognition is 2.44％ and the risk factors of CKD are similar to those of other domestic big cities and western developed countries.