脊髓损伤神经源性膀胱患者尿路感染相关危险因素的回顾性研究

目的:明确脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱患者尿路感染的相关危险因素。方法:对本院康复科收治的67例脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱患者进行回顾性研究,采集患者的性别、年龄、脊髓损伤原因及损伤平面、神经源性膀胱病程、排尿方式、膀胱容量与压力等。结果:神经源性膀胱患者尿路感染发生率为64.2%。单因素卡方检验分析结果表明患者年龄、性别、脊髓损伤原因、ASIA分级、损伤平面与是否发生尿路感染无关,而神经源性膀胱病程、排尿方式、膀胱压力及膀胱容量是神经源性膀胱患者发生尿路感染的相关因素(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归的结果显示脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱发生尿路感染的独立危险因素包括留置导尿管、膀胱容量<200ml、膀胱压力增高(P<0.05)。结论:神经源性膀胱患者尿路感染发生的独立危险因素为留置导尿管、膀胱容量<200ml以及膀胱压力增高。对上述危险因素临床上应采取针对性的防控措施,降低尿路感染的发生,提高生活质量,促进早期康复。

Retrospective study on risk factors related to urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury neurogenic bladder

Objective: To clarify the related risk factors of urinary tract infection in patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 67 patients with neurogenic bladder after SCI admitted to the rehabilitation department of our hospital, and the sex, age, SCI cause and injury level, neurogenic bladder course, urination method, bladder volume and pressure were recorded. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection in patients with neurogenic bladder was 64.2%. One factor Chi square test showed that the age, sex, cause of SCI, ASIA grade, and injury level were not related to the occurrence of urinary tract infection, while neurogenic bladder disease course, urination mode, bladder pressure, and bladder volume were the related factors of urinary tract infection (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that the independent risk factors for urinary tract infection of neurogenic bladder after SCI included indwelling catheter, bladder volume <200 mL, and increased bladder pressure (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The independent risk factors for urinary tract infection in patients with neurogenic bladder are indwelling catheter, bladder volume <200 mL and increased bladder pressure. Targeted measures should be taken clinically for the above risk factors to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections, improve quality of life, and promote early recovery.