许昌市2006年狂犬病流行病学研究

目的了解许昌市狂犬病流行特征和影响因素，为制定防治策略提供依据。方法对病例进行问卷调查，病人死亡或病人为儿童时，由了解情况的病人家属代答。结果2006年全市共报告狂犬病病例14例，发病率为0．31／10万，所有狂犬病例均为犬伤引起，农民和儿童为主要发病人群，暴露后规范处理伤口、正确使用狂犬病疫苗和抗血清的比例低是感染狂犬病的主要原因。结论应加强犬只管理和对犬只的免疫；促进暴露后伤口的规范化处理、疫苗的接种以及抗血清的使用；加强对基层卫生人员的培训和人民群众的健康教育和行为干预，科学防治狂犬病。

Epidemiological survey of rabies in Xuchang City in 2006

Objective To understand rabies epidemic facture and factor and provide scientific evidence for making control measures. Methods A questionaire survey of rabies cases and some of their family members was conducted. Results There 14 rabies cases were reported and the incidence rate was 0.31/100 000 in Xuchang City in 2006. All the rabies cases were bitten by dogs or hurt by dogs. Most of the cases were peasants and children. The causes of infection were mainly due to improper treatment of the wounds and the lower rate of use of rabies vaccine and antierum after exposed. Conclusion Health education and behavior intervention, proper treatment of wounds and timely use of rabies vaccine are the effective measures for prevention of rabies.