Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives

As a part of our continuation studies in developing new derivatives as dual antimicrobial/antitumor agents we describe the synthesis of new (Z)-2-(5-arylidene-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl) acetic acid derivatives (3a–m). The chemical structures of the compound were elucidated by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and elemental analysis data. The antimicrobial activity of all products was examined. All newly synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro anticancer activity against four cancer cell lines. Among the synthesized compounds, 3a exhibited notable activity against HeLa, HT29, A549, and MCF-7 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 55, 40, 38, and 50 μM, respectively. In order to predict the drug likeliness of the synthesized compounds on the guidelines of Lipinski rule of five studies was carried out using Pallas software.