世界卫生组织生活质量问卷在慢性疾病患者及家庭照料者中的应用

目的　评估慢性疾病患者及照料者的生活质量。方法　应用WHOQOL 10 0在治疗前和治疗 1年后对 4 6 0例慢性疾病 (高血压、精神分裂症、卒中、终末期肾病、头颈部肿瘤和乳腺癌 )患者及其 4 18名家庭照料者的生活质量进行了评定。结果　不同疾病患者在不同时间 (如治疗前后 )评定WHOQOL 10 0的结果有显著性不同 ,治疗前在各维度和因子 (共 30项 )中 6种疾病患者间的差异均达显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗后有效组的生活质量均有所改善 ,而无效组则比治疗前更差 (P <0 0 5 )。不同疾病患者的家庭照料者评定WHOQOL 10 0的结果也有显著不同 (P <0 0 1)。结论　WHOQOL 10 0能较好地区分不同慢性疾病患者和照料者的生活质量。

The adaptability of the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire in chronic patients and family caregivers in China

Objective To assess the quality of life in the chronic patients and their family caregivers. Methods Altogether 460 patients with chronic diseases including hypertension, schizophrenia, stroke, end-stage renal disease, head & neck cancer, and breast cancer, and their 418 family caregivers were evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100) 12 months pre- and post-treatment. Results The WHOQOL-100 profiles varied widely across patient groups or across time. All 30 factors and dimensions of WHOQOL-100 were significantly different across patient groups at baseline. At one year after treatment, the patients their health conditions improved or recovered showed more positive changes in WHOQOL-100 ( P< 0.01), whereas those with deterioration or no change had more negative changes ( P< 0.05). Also, there were significant differences in WHOQOL-100 among different caregivers at baseline ( P< 0.01). Conclusion The WHOQOL-100 can distinguish the QOL change across time and WHOQOL-100 differences across different chronic patients and family caregivers in Chinese culture.