基于气味指纹分析的半夏及其伪品鉴别研究

目的：根据半夏与半夏伪品的气味指纹特征快速鉴别半夏及其伪品。方法：搜集半夏常见掺伪样品水半夏与天南星，并制备半夏不同比例的混合掺伪样品。采用电子鼻技术获取半夏及其不同种类与比例的掺伪样品气味指纹图谱，依据传感器响应特征值，利用方差分析（Analysis of Variance，ANOVA）、主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis，PCA）、判别因子分析（Discriminant Factor Analysis，DFA）等化学计量学方法对其响应值数据进行分析，并加以鉴别。结果：半夏及其伪品在气味特征上存在明显差异，PCA可明显区分半夏及其掺伪品，且随着半夏掺伪比例的增加其气味差异性越来越明显，其中水半夏掺伪品的电子鼻信息呈线性变化；DFA 模型累积方差总贡献率为100%，正确判别率不小于97%。结论：电子鼻技术可用于半夏及其伪品的快速鉴别，本研究可以为中药材的伪品鉴别提供新技术和新方法。

Discrimination of Pinellia ternata and Its Adulterants Based on Odour Fingerprints Analysis

This study was aimed to establish a rapid discrimination method of Pinellia ternata and its adulterants based on the odour fingerprints analysis. Typhonium flagelliforme and Arisaema Rhizome, which were the common adulterants of Pinellia ternata, were collected. The adulterants were mixed with Pinellia ternata in different proportions. E-nose technology was used to obtain the odour fingerprints of Pinellia ternata and its adulterants of different types and proportions. Chemometrics methods, such as the analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were used in the analysis and discrimination on sensors response data collected by sensors. The results showed that there were obvious differences on the odour characteristics between Pinellia ternate and its adulterants. PCA can obviously discriminate Pinellia ternate and its adulterants. And the odour difference became obvious along with the increasing of the adulteration proportion. There was a linear relationship between e-nose signal and the proportion of Typhonium flagelliforme. The cumulative proportion in ANOVA of the DFA model was 100%. The correct recognition rate was not less than 97%. It was concluded that e-nose can be used for rapid discrimination of Pinellia ternata and its adulterants. This study provided new technology and method for the discrimination of adulterants of Chinese materia medica.