A case-comparison study of executive functions in alcohol-dependent adults with maternal history of alcoholism |
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| Authors: | Olivier Cottencin Jean-Louis Nandrino Laurent Karila Caroline Mezerette Thierry Danel |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Addictology, University of Lille 2, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Lille, 57 Bd de Metz, 59037 Lille Cedex, France;2. Department of Psychology, URECA EA 1059, University of Lille 3, France;3. Department of Addictology, University Hospital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France;1. Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;3. Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;4. Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland;5. Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland;6. Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland;7. Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;8. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;1. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Children’s Hospital, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne 3052, Australia;2. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia;1. Weill Cornell Medical College, Institute for Geriatric Psychiatry, White Plains, NY;2. Burke Rehabilitation Hospital, White Plains, NY;1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA;2. Biostatistics Core, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA;3. Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC;4. Department of Clinical Psychology in Pediatrics, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;1. Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, 11 Porte des Sciences, 4366 Esch-sur-Alzette/Belval, Luxembourg;2. School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR47TJ, UK;3. Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR47TJ, UK;4. Centre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York YO105DD, UK;1. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Semel Institute, Center for Community Health, University of California, 10920 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024-6521, USA;2. Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1V4;3. Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, Room Old PI R209, Unit/Box: Biostatistics Division, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA;4. Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health; Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 640 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionAs executive dysfunctions frequently accompany alcohol dependence, we suggest that reports of executive dysfunction in alcoholics are actually due, in some case to a maternal history of alcohol misuse (MHA+). A history of maternal alcohol dependence increases the risk for prenatal alcohol exposure to unborn children. These exposures likely contribute to executive dysfunction in adult alcoholics. To assess this problem, we propose a case-comparison study of alcohol-dependent subjects with and without a MHA.MethodsTen alcohol-dependent subjects, with a maternal history of alcoholism (MHA) and paternal history of alcoholism (PHA), were matched with 10 alcohol-dependent people with only a paternal history of alcoholism (PHA). Executive functions (cancellation, Stroop, and trail-making A and B tests) and the presence of a history of three mental disorders (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, violent behavior while intoxicated, and suicidal behavior) were evaluated in both populations.ResultsAlcohol-dependent subjects with MHA showed a significant alteration in executive functions and significantly more disorders related to these functions than PHA subjects. The major measures of executive functioning deficit are duration on task accomplishment in all tests. Rates of ADHD and suicidality were found to be higher in MHA patients compared to the controls.ConclusionA history of MHA, because of the high risk of PAE (in spite of the potential confounding factors such as environment) must be scrupulously documented when evaluating mental and cognitive disorders in a general population of alcoholics to ensure a better identification of these disorders. It would be helpful to replicate the study with more subjects. |
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