实习医学生锐器刺伤原因及防护对策研究

目的]调查实习医学生被锐器刺伤的现况,分析其被锐器刺伤的原因并提出相应的对策。方法]采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,对408名实习医学生进行问卷调查。结果]40.9%的实习医学生曾经被锐器刺伤过,锐器刺伤者中被污染锐器刺伤的比例为65.27%。曾经被锐器刺伤者中,大专、中专实习医学生被刺伤的比例高于本科及本科以上学历的实习医学生,差异有显著性(P=0.000)。采用Logistic逐步回归分析表明,低学历、缺乏医院职业防护培训、没有受过职业防护教育和男性是造成实习医学生被锐器刺伤的主要影响因素。结论]实习医学生在工作中应加强自身防护意识,医院也应进一步强化对实习医学生职业防护的教育和培训,尤其是加强对男性和大、中专实习医学生的职业暴露与职业风险教育。

A Study on the Causes of the Injury from Sharp Utensil in Externs and the Preventive Countermeasures

Objective To investigate the situation of injury from sharp utensil in externs and analyze the causes of injury,also to suggest countermeasures. Methods Adopt multiple phase,stratified random sampling and questionnaire investigation,408 externs were involved. Results 40.9% of externs were injured by sharp utensil and 65.27% of injured were caused by contaminated sharp utensil. Among the injured ones,the proportion of technical secondary school and junior college externs is significantly higher than undergraduate and graduate externs (P=0.000). Logistic step regression analysis indicates that male ones with low educational background,lack of training of occupational prevention in hospital,and no occupational education were the main factors responsible for injury of the externs by sharp utensil. Conclusions The externs should enhance consciousness of self-protection. The hospitals should strengthen preventive education and training for externs,especially strengthen the occupational exposure and risk education for low educational background and male externs.