519名地震救援人员心理应激状况调查与相关因素分析

目的:观察地震救援工作对救援人员心理应激状况的影响,并探讨其相关因素和对策。方法:采用横断面研究,对519名地震救援人员进行调查,将一般情况与心理应激自评结果进行相关与回归分析。结果:救灾组心理应激分数显著高于对照组且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中睡眠、警觉、对工作的兴趣(P<0.05)以及身心疲惫(P<0.01)均显著高于对照组且差异有统计学意义;救灾组心理应激状况与救灾地区、救灾人员受教育程度以及婚姻状况正相关(P<0.01),与参与救灾天数负相关(P<0.01);救灾地区和受教育程度是影响心理应激状况的独立危险因素。结论:地震救援工作对救援人员心理应激状况有一定影响,这种影响和救灾地区、受教育程度有关。

Analysis of the psychological stress state and associated factors of 519 earthquake rescue workers

Objective: To determine the influence of the earthquake rescue on the psychological stress state of succors and investigate the associated factors.Methods: Using study of cross section,mental state were surveyed with questionaire on self-report psychological stress in 519 earthquake rescue workers.Regressive and related analyses are made on the general information and the psychological stress self-report results of the rescue workers.Results: The psychological stress scores were significantly higher in the rescue workers than that in the control group and there is significantly statistical difference(P<0.05).Among them,the score of sleeping,alarming,work interest(P<0.05),and mental and physical tiredness(P<0.01) of the rescue group is significantly higher.The psychological stress state was positively related with the disaster area,the education degree and the marriage state status(P<0.01),but there is negative relation between stress and the days of recue work(P<0.01).Multivariant analysis shows that disaster area and the education degree were the independent factors of the psychological stress state.Conclusion: Earthquake rescue may have harmful effect in some degree on the psychological stress state of the rescue workers,which was associated with the disaster area and the education degree.