家兔灌服磷化铝中毒的解毒方法研究

目的遴选具有阻止磷化氢生成的解毒型洗胃剂,寻找口服磷化铝中毒早期治疗的最佳方案。方法将48只家兔分为6组,分别灌服最低全数致死量的磷化铝,即刻再分别灌服1%硫酸铜、0.02%高锰酸钾、食用油、液体石蜡或持续进行胃肠减压,并分别于灌磷化铝粉前、灌磷化铝粉后0.5 h及死亡时抽取家兔动脉血2 mL进行血气分析,并记录家兔死亡时间。结果灌食用油洗胃组平均生存时间为(105.25±23.38)min,持续胃肠减压组平均生存时间为(4 200±63.22)min,均明显长于其他组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论口服磷化铝中毒后给予食用油洗胃以及持续进行胃肠减压,是提高解救存活率的关键。

Study on Detoxification of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning in Rabbits

Objective To select the detoxification-type gastric lavage agents with the effect of preventing the generation of hydrogen phosphide,and to find the best scheme for the early treatment of oral aluminium phosphide（ AlP） poisoning.Methods Forty-eight rabbits were divided into 6 groups,intragastrically lavaged by the minimum lethal dose（ LD min） of AlP,then immediately lavaged by 1% CuSO 4,0.02% KMnO 4,edible oil,liquid paraffin or sustained gastrointestinal decompression respectively.The rabbit arterial blood was collected for the blood gas analysis before AIP lavage,at 0.5 h after AIP lavage and death.The rabbit death time was recorded.Results The average survival time was（ 105.25 ± 23.38） min in the edible oil lavge group and（ 4 200 ± 63.22） min in the sustained gastrointestinal decompression group,which were significantly longer than those in other groups with statistical difference（ P 0.05 or P 0.01）.Conclusion Gastric lavage with edible oil and sustained gastric decompression are the key to increase the survival rate for rescuing AlP poisoning.