生物大分子药物无创眼内递送研究进展

生物大分子药物为许多眼科疾病患者带来了重见光明的希望，但由于眼部存在各种动态及静态吸收屏障，此类药物难以实现安全有效的眼内递送。临床上，生物大分子需通过眼内注射方式给药，而频繁的眼内注射伴随着诸多副作用，且患者顺应性差。构建理想的眼部药物递送系统，实现生物大分子的无创给药，尤其是将其递送至眼后段以治疗眼底疾病，始终是亟待满足的眼科需求。综述阻碍药物眼部吸收的各种生理屏障，以及近年来采用纳米递药系统、细胞穿膜肽及其他一些物理手段实现多肽蛋白类药物及基因药物眼内无创递送的研究进展，旨在为相关研究提供参考。

Advances in Noninvasive Ocular Delivery of Biomacromolecules

Biomacromolecules hold the promise of restoring sight for many patients with eye diseases. Unfortunately, hampered by various dynamic and static ocular absorption barriers, it is hard to deliver biomacromolecules into the eye safely and effectively. In clinical practice, biomacromolecules need to be administered via intraocular injection. However, frequent intraocular injection is usually associated with various side-effects and poor patient compliance. Development of ideal ocular drug delivery systems to achieve noninvasive administration of biomacromolecules, especially delivery to the posterior segment of the eye for treatment of fundus oculi diseases, has always been the unmet need for ophthalmology. This article reviews the physiologic barriers that hinder ocular absorption of drugs and recent progress in noninvasive ocular delivery of peptides, proteins, and genes in virtue of nanotechnologies, cell-penetrating peptides, and other physical strategies, in attempt to provide some reference for related research.