蛋白多肽类降糖药物口服递送载体的研究现状与临床应用进展

糖尿病是一种常见的慢性疾病，严重影响着人类健康和生活质量。与皮下注射相比，口服递送蛋白多肽类降糖药物如胰岛素是更理想的糖尿病治疗方案。然而，体内存在着多重生理屏障，极大地限制了药物的口服吸收。近年来，基于载体材料和制剂技术的快速发展，多种口服药物递送载体被开发出来，有望解决上述问题。总结口服药物载体在体内面临的共性递药屏障，重点阐述限制蛋白多肽类降糖药物口服递送的特殊屏障；进一步综述目前相关领域的研究现状以及临床应用进展，并对其发展进行展望，以期为蛋白多肽类降糖药物口服递送载体的理性化设计提供新的视角和思路。

Status and Progress of Research on Clinical Application of Oral Delivery Carriers for Hypoglycemic Proteins and Peptides

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a common chronic disease, has seriously threatened human health and quality of life. Compared with subcutaneous injection, oral administration of hypoglycemic proteins and peptides (PPs) is a more ideal treatment option for DM. However, there exist several biological barriers that limit the oral absorption efficiency of drugs. Recently, based on the rapid development of materials and technologies in drug formulation, a variety of oral drug carriers that are expected to solve the problems have been developed. This article summarizes the common drug delivery barriers facing oral drug carriers in vivo and highlights the special barriers limiting oral delivery of hypoglycemic PPs. Additionally, the article further reviews the research status and progress of clinical application in related fields with a prospect of their future development, aiming to provide new insights for the rational design of oral delivery carriers for hypoglycemic PPs.