2015年中国恶性肿瘤流行情况分析

  目的  了解北京市城区上消化道癌高危人群内镜筛查依从性及其影响因素，为制定相关健康管理策略提供参考依据。   方法  于2016年9月 — 2020年3月采用整群抽样方法对北京市东城、西城、朝阳、海淀、丰台和石景山共6个城区的北京城市癌症早诊早治项目点的73 240名40 ～ 69岁北京市户籍居民进行了问卷调查，评估出上消化道癌高危人群于定点医院接受内镜筛查，分析高危人群的内镜筛查依从性及其影响因素。   结果  北京市73 240名城区居民中，有16 862人被评估为上消化道癌高危人群，高危率为23.0 %；16 862名上消化道癌高危人群中，有2 004人接受了内镜筛查，依从率为11.9 %；多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄≥ 50岁、高中/中专及以上文化程度、有精神创伤或压抑情绪、有上消化道疾病史、有癌症家族史、日常饮食为烫热食物、家庭做饭时有少许或较多油烟的北京市城区上消化道癌高危人群内镜筛查依从性较好，目前吸烟和经常体育锻炼的北京市城区上消化道癌高危人群内镜筛查依从性较差。   结论  北京市城区上消化道癌高危人群的内镜筛查依从率较低，年龄、文化程度、有无精神创伤或压抑情绪、有无上消化道疾病史、有无癌症家族史、目前吸烟情况、是否经常体育锻炼、日常饮食冷热程度和家庭做饭时油烟情况是该地区城区上消化道癌高危人群内镜筛查依从性的主要影响因素。

Initial results from a multi-center population-based cluster randomized trial of esophageal and gastric cancer screening in China

  Objective   To study the compliance to endoscopic screening and its influencing factors among high-risk population of upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) in urban Beijing and to provide evidence for developing appropriate health management strategies.   Methods  With cluster sampling, we recruited 73 240 permanent residents aged 40 – 69 years from designated communities of Beijing Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in six urban districts of Beijing and conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey on demographic and UGC-related information among the residents from September 2016 to March 2020. The residents assessed as at high-risk of UGC were advised to have endoscopic screening in designated hospitals. The acceptance of the endoscopic screening and its influencing factors among the high-risk people were analyzed.   Results  Valid responses were collected from all the participants and 23.0% (n = 16 862) of them were assessed as at high-risk of UGC. Of the high-risk participants, 11.9% (n = 2 004) received endoscopic screening. The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high-risk participants with following characteristics were more likely to have a high compliance to endoscopic screening: aged over 50 years, with the education of senior high/technical secondary school and above, suffering from psychic trauma or depression, with upper gastrointestinal disease history, with family history of cancer, having hot food preference in daily diet, and being exposed to a little or much kitchen fume when cooking at home; while the high-risk participants being current smoker and having regular physical exercise were more likely to have low compliance to endoscopic screening.   Conclusion  Among high UGC risk population in urban Beijing, the overall compliance to endoscopic screening was poor and the compliance was influenced mainly by age, education, psychic trauma or depression, history of upper gastrointestinal diseases, family history of cancer, current smoking, regular physical activity, hot food preference in daily diet and kitchen fumes exposure at home.