729例女性肺癌支气管镜下特征分析

背景与目的近年来,女性肺癌的发生率逐渐升高,该文通过分析湘雅医院1994年1月-2007年6月经支气管镜诊断的女性肺癌病例,探讨其支气管镜下特征。方法对729例女性肺癌患者支气管镜检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果中年组检出数最多(57.0%),其次是老年组(28.5%),青年组较少(14.0%);主要的病理类型分别为腺癌(42.8%)、鳞癌(23.9%)和小细胞癌(19.2%),随着年份的增加三大主要病理类型的检出例数均逐渐增多;好发于右肺(P<0.05),上叶多于下叶(P<0.05);支气管镜下表现以直接征象为主(92.0%),腺癌患者支气管镜下表现以浸润性改变为多(P<0.05),鳞癌和小细胞癌镜下表现均以增生性改变为多(P<0.05);肺不张对应的镜下表现以增生性改变为主(P<0.05),胸腔积液对应的镜下表现以浸润性改变为主(P<0.05)。结论支气管镜检查是诊断女性肺癌的重要手段,借助其可以提高对女性肺癌的认识和警惕,也有助于早期明确诊断。

Analysis of bronchoscopy characteristics for 729 female patients with lung cancer

Background and objective The aim of this article is to study features of the bronchoscopy signs in female lung cancer patients. Methods The bronchoscopy data of 729 female lung cancer patients enrolled between January 1994 and June 2007 was analyzed, retrospectively. Results Most of the patients were middle-aged female (57.0%), then were the elderly (28.5%), and the youth composed much lower (14.0%). The most common histopathology was adenocarcinoma (42.8%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (23.9%) and small cell carcinoma (19.2%), and all of them increased in the past few years. The female lung cancers were more in the right lung (P<0.05), and the upper lobes (P<0.05). Among 729 female lung cancer patients, 92.0% had apparent signs. Most of adenocarcinoma had infiltrative changes (P<0.05), but most of squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma had proliferative changes (P<0.05). The most common sing of bronchoscopy in patients with atelectasis was proliferative changes (P<0.05), but the most common sings of bronchoscopy in patients with pleural effusion was infiltrative changes (P<0.05). Conclusion This study suggests brochoscopy is an important approach in diagnosis of female lung cancer. Paying more attention to the lung cancer of female patients and examining with bronchoscopy would be helpful for earlier diagnosis.