轻度肾积水儿童肾脏水通道蛋白2、3和4的表达

目的探讨水通道蛋白2、3、4（AQP2～4）在儿童轻度积水肾脏（HnK）的表达。方法收集6例来自肾母细胞瘤周围的正常肾脏组织标本为对照组（男2例,女4例;平均60.33个月）,12例轻度肾积水患儿（男5例,女7例;平均14.58个月）的HnK标本为积水组（B超示集合系统分离均〈3.5cm,肾实质轻度变薄）。采用免疫组织化学法检测AQP2～4在正常肾脏和HnK中的定位及其表达情况。结果正常肾脏AQP2阳性着色主要分布于肾脏集合管上皮细胞胞膜和胞质,AQP3阳性着色主要分布于肾脏集合管主细胞的基底侧,AQP4阳性着色主要分布于肾内髓集合管上皮细胞基底侧。HnK中AQP2～4的表达阳性率均明显低于对照组（Pa〈0.05）。结论AQP2～4在儿童HnK组织中表达明显降低,提示AQP2～4的表达降低可能是引起HnK形态功能改变的早期因素之一。

Expressions of Aquaporin 2,3 and 4 in Mild Hydronephrotic Kidney in Children

Objective To explore the expressions of aquaporin 2,3 and 4 in mild hydronephrotic kidney (HnK)in children.Methods Twelve cases of mild HnK(5 boys and 7 girls,with average age of 14.58 months) and 6 cases of normal kidney(2 boys and 4 girls,average age 60.33 months) surrounding the renal tumors as control group were collected in this study.The average collecting system separation thickness of HnK by ultrasound was under 3.5 cm and renal parenchyma was normal or became thinner.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the distribution and expressions of aquaporin 2,3 and 4 in HnK anand normal kidney.Results Positive immunoreactivity of AQP2 was found in the apical membrane and intracellular vesicles of the principal cells in collecting ducts.In the same cells,positive immunoreactivity of AQP3 and AQP4 was found in the basolateral membrane.Positive expression rates of aquaporin 2,3 and 4 remarkably decreased in HnK compared with normal kidney(Pa<0.05).Conclusion Significant decrease in expression of aquaporin 2,3 and 4 in mild HnK indicate that changes of these aquaporins may be an important factor that involved in the earlier renal morphrological and functional change in HnK.