自闭症谱系儿童驭物动作模仿能力的试验研究

目的 探讨自闭症谱系儿童的驭物动作模仿缺陷特点.方法 采用不同呈现时间、不同动作数量和不同动作意义的条件下进行的驭物动作模仿任务,对12名自闭症谱系儿童、与年龄和非语言智商匹配的聋童(n=12),年龄和语言智商匹配的弱智儿童(n=12)的2个对照组进行测试,使用SPSS 10.0分析测试结果 .结果 3组被试的驭物模仿成绩呈现出显著统计意义差异(F(2.33)=10.138,P＜0.01);自闭症谱系儿童的模仿成绩最差[(0.766±0.029)分],显著落后于弱智儿童[(0.861±0.029)分],更落后于聋童[(0.949±0.029)分].这一驭物动作模仿缺陷主要体现在延迟模仿和无意义动作模仿成绩方面.结论 自闭症谱系儿童具有明显的驭物动作模仿缺陷.

The research on imitation of action involved objects in children with autistic spectrum disorder

Objective To explore the characteristics of deficit in action imitation upon objects for the children with autistic spectrum disorder(ASD). Methods Imitative tasks involved objects under the condition of different time after the modelling action ,different action number, different action meaning were used to examine the variations between 12 young children with ASD,and with deaf children(D) matched with the non-verbal IQ and CA( n= 12) ,and children with mental retardation (MR) matched with verbal IQ and CA( n= 12). Results Analyses of repeated ANOVA revealed that: there were significant main effect on the imitation of action involved objects within three subjects(F(2.33) = 10. 138, P＜0.01 ) ;the individuals with ASD achieved lower scores(0.766 ±0.029 ) than the children with MR (0.861 ± 0. 029 ), and the children with deaf significantly ( 0. 949 ± 0. 029). Especially,the autistic imitation deficit was shown on tasks of deferred and meaningless action imitation. Conclusion Children with ASD show deficit on imitation involved objects significantly.