黔西南一小型锑冶炼厂环境污染调查分析

目的 了解小型锑冶炼厂对周围环境的影响。方法 对黔西南一小型锑 冶炼厂矿石、燃用煤以及周围土壤和植物样品进行了分析。结果 锑冶炼厂周围土壤中元素含量与全国土壤中元素平均含量比较，As、Hg、F、Sb、Se的含量明显偏高，As为1.73-4.96倍，Hg为4.75-237.5倍，F为2.26-3.42倍，Sb为35.6-36.2倍，Se为54.29-57.14倍；也高于贵州土 的平均含量，As为1.25-3.58倍，Hg为1.86-93.14倍，F为1.38-2.08倍，Se为33.04-34.78倍。玉米叶片中As、Hg、F、Sb、Se含量高于大陆植物中相应元素平均含量，As为67倍，Hg为26.7倍，F为1046.4倍，Sb为2220倍，Se为38.8倍。结论 锑冶炼厂排放的S、As、Hg、F、Sb和Se对环境造成了严惩的污染，高硫燃料煤的利用也加剧了环境的污染。

Investigation and Analysis on Environmental Pollution Due to a Small Antimony Smeltery in Southwest Guizhou Province

Objective To understand the impacts of a small antimony smeltery on surrounding environment Methods The samples of raw materials,such as ore and coal,soil and plant around a small antimony smeltery in southwest Guizhou province were analyzed Results The levels of arsenic,mercury,fluoride,antimony and selenium in soil around the antimony smeltery significantly increased compared with the average background levels of related elements in nationwide range .The levels of arsenic,mercury,fluoride,antimony and selenium in soil around the antimony smeltery were 1 73~4 69,4 75~237 5,2 26~3 42,35 6~36 2,54 29~57 14 times as much as their related average levels in our country respectively The levels of arsenic,mercury,fluoride and selenium in soil around the smeltery were 1 25~3 58,1 86~93 14,1 38~2 08,33 04~34 78 times as much as their related average levels of Guizhou province respectively The levels of arsenic,mercury,fluoride,antimony and selenium in corn leaves around the smeltery was 67,26 7,1046 4,2220,38 8 times as much as their related average levels in non polluted plants respectively Conclusion The air pollutants,such as sulphur,arsenic,mercury,fluoride,antimony and selenium in industrial waste gas emitted from the antimony smeltery had resulted in heavy pollution to the environment,which was aggravated by the application of coal with high level of sulphur