贵州某地区卫校汉族、少数民族学生8项群体遗传学性状调查

目的初步学习群体遗传性状出现率分布及其特征间的相关关系的研究方法。方法采用群体遗传学公认的方法,调查了530人(汉族412人、少数民族118人)8对群体遗传学性状,采用SPSS 13.0统计软件包计算出各遗传性状的出现率,并将其与文献数据进行比较。性别间差异的统计学处理采用U检验,各特征间相关关系分析等使用χ2检验进行。结果贵州某地区卫校汉族学生前额发际、眼睑、唇厚、下颏类型、睫毛、耵聍、门齿类型、发质8对遗传性状显性出现率分别为33.50%、77.20%、14.10%、65.00%、61.20%、20.90%、88.30%、18.90%;少数民族学生则分别为25.40%、76.30%、16.90%、62.70%、62.70%、22.00%、88.10%、25.40%。结论①贵州某地区卫校学生发质存在性别差异(P<0.05),汉族学生性别间前额发际、眼睑差异有高度显著性(P<0.01),少数民族学生性别间下颏类型、耵聍差异有显著性(P<0.05)。②8项群体遗传学特征间相关性较小。

An investigation on 8 items of population genetic traits for Han nationality and ethnic group students in One Health School in Guizhou province

Objective To learn the research method on the distributive frequencies of population genetic traits and their associations.Methods According to the accepted rules of human population genetics,a survey on 8 twins of population genetic characters of 530 individuals（Han nationality students 412 and ethnic group students 118） was carried out,and then dealt with data using SPSS13.0 software and compared to reference data.The U test was used to statistically deal with sex difference and the χ2 test was used to analyze the associations among traits.Results The distributive frequencies of 8 twins（forehead hairline,the eyelid,thick lips,chin projection,eyewinkers,cerumen,front tooth type and hair） of population genetic traits in Han nationality were 33.50%,77.20%,14.10%,65.00%,61.20%,20.90%,88.30% and 18.90%,respectively;and the distributive frequencies in ethnic group students were 25.40%,76.30%,16.90%,62.70%,62.70%,22.00%,88.10%and 25.40%,respectively.Conclusion ①From one health school in Guizhou province,there were statistically differences（P0.05） of hair between sex of students;and between sex of Han nationality students,there were statistically significant differences（P0.05） of forehead hairline and the eyelid（P0.01）;and among ethnic group students,there were statistically differences of chin projection and cerumen between males and females（P0.05）.②There were few associations of 8 items of population genetic traits of students in Guizhou province.