乡镇儿童意外中毒相关因素分析与干预

目的探讨乡镇儿童意外中毒的原因及相关因素，寻求干预措施。方法随机抽取佛山市15家镇级医院，对其于2005年1月1日一2008年12月30日期间收治的282例儿童中毒病例进行回顾性分析。结果儿童意外中毒男性发病高于女性，男：女=1．31：1，高发年龄为幼儿期（1—3岁），占45．7％。乡村发病高于城镇。中毒种类繁多，主要为药物中毒（36．5％），其次为食物中毒（占29．1％）和一氧化碳中毒（12．8％）。城镇儿童以药物中毒多见（22．3％），乡村儿童以食物中毒多见（20．9％）。中毒途径以经消化道中毒占首位（78．4％），多为误服；其次为经呼吸道吸入中毒（12．8％）。总治愈率93．6％。结论儿童因年龄特点易发生意外中毒，其预防工作需要多部门共同参与、通力合作，才能取得良好效果。

Analysis of Parameters Involved and Prevention on Accidental Poisoning of Children in Rural Areas and Towns

Objective To explore the parameters of acute poisoning of children in rural areas and towns, and to seek the preventive measures of the poisoning. Methods 15 town hospitals were randomly selected in Foshan city,a retrospective study was performed on 282 cases of poisoning who were treated in these hospitals from January 1,2005 to December 30,2008. Results Male children happened accidental poisoning more than female, male：female = 1.31： 1. Children in the 1-3 age group were the most susceptible to poisoning（45.7% ）. The incidence of poisoning of children in towns was higher than that in rural areas. The poisoning of drug（36.5% ） was the major cause poisoning in children, food poisoning（29.1% ） and carbon monoxide poisoning （ 12.8% ） were followed by it. Children in towns often occurred drug poisoning（22.3% ） ,and children in rural areas often happened food poisoning（20, 9% ）. Wrong-medicines-taken was the predominating cause （78.4%）. The second cause of poisoning was breathed in toxic gas（ 12.8% ）. The total cure rate of poisoning in children was 93.6%. Conclusion Children were prone to happen accidental poisoning. It was required a multisectoral participation and co-operation to prevent the occurrence of accidental poisoning of children.