脊椎相关疾病的解剖学研究

目的探讨脊椎病和脊椎相关疾病的发病原因及脊椎错位的解剖学因素。方法在16具成人尸体上，在椎间联结完整和人工破坏的情况下，分别观察颈椎各向运动时的错位情况及错位对相关组织的影响。结果椎间联结破坏后，脊椎运动大于30°时可致椎间关节错位，椎间孔变形变窄，椎间孔变窄1/3时，神经根受到刺激，变窄到1/2时，神经根受到压迫。脊椎侧屈大于30°时，钩椎关节发生侧摆式错位，使椎动脉和交感神经受到影响。椎体前后滑脱式错位超过2～3mm时，可使已有椎管狭窄的脊髓受到压迫。结论在已有损伤、退变的脊椎运动时可引起错位，错位是引起脊椎病发病的主要原因之一，这为临床治疗脊椎相关疾病提供了解剖学基础。

Anatomical study of the disease correlated to spine

Objective To study the etiology and the anatomical factors of the diseases correlated to spinal vertebra.Method On 16 corpses, we observed the displacement of the spinal vertebra and its harmfulness after the intervertebral disc or the ligaments damaged.Result It may give rise to displacement of the spinal vertebra moving the cervical spine after the intervertebral structure damaged. The nerve roots may be stimulated when the intervertebral foramen gets narrow to 1/3.When the intervertebral foramen gets narrow to 1/2 the nerve roots may be constricted.When the cervical spinebends on its side 30othe Luschka joint may get displacement.It may stimulate the vertebralis artery and the sympathetic nerve.Conclusion It is the spinal vertebra diaplacement that give rise to spondylopathy and the diseases correlated to spine.This provides an basis for clinical treatment of diseases correlated to spine.