以抽搐发作为首发症状的234例老年癫痫的病因及临床特点分析

目的通过对以抽搐发作为首发症状的234例老年人癫痫的病因及临床特点的回顾性分析,完善对老年癫痫的认识,以利正确诊断及治疗。方法详细分析以抽搐发作为首发症状的234例老年人癫痫的病因、临床特点及预后情况,并进行总结。结果234例老年癫痫患者男性148例,女性86例,年龄60~82岁。222例有明确病因,分别为脑血管病132例,非酮症性糖尿病22例,脑外伤21例,颅内感染20例,颅内肿瘤12例,电解质及代谢紊乱13例,脑萎缩1例,急性心肌梗死1例;12例患者没有查到明确病因。临床表现为全面性发作115例,单纯性部分性发作32例,复杂部分性发作16例,部分继发全面性发作40例,癫痫持续状态28例,发作形式复杂多样3例;住院期间症状完全控制91例,发作次数减少118例,未控制20例,死亡5例。结论脑血管病、颅内感染、非酮症性糖尿病和脑外伤是老年人癫痫发病的主要原因。发病形式以全面性发作最常见。对于老年人,还应注意少见的病因如心肌梗死等。老年人癫痫预后相对良好。

Analysis of the causes and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in the elderly with convulsive seizures an the first symptom

Objective To improve the understanding of epilepsy in elderly in order to facilitate the correct diagnosis and treatment by a retrospective analysis of etiology and clinical features.Method The etiology,clinical features and prognosis of 234 patients were analyzed in detail and summarized.Result 148 males and 86 females were included,aged from 60 to 82 years.222 cases had a clear cause,namely,132 cases with cerebrovascular disease,non-ketotic diabetes mellitus in 22 cases,21 cases with traumatic brain injur...