负压吸引与大鼠损伤坐骨神经的修复和再生

背景:外周神经缺损的修复是目前创伤外科及修复重建外科临床上的一个难题,常用的神经移植、神经延长、神经桥接和组织工程等方法有局限性。目的:比较不同负压对大鼠损伤坐骨神经的修复和再生。方法:健康成年SD大鼠分别以6.65,13.30,19.95kPa压力对大鼠右侧离断坐骨神经近端行负压吸引。负压每吸引60min,休息30min,交替进行,连续4周。结果与结论:术后1个月,6.65,13.30,19.95kPa负压吸引的大鼠坐骨神经实验侧近端均有不同程度生长,且13.30kPa压力组生长长度明显优于6.65和19.95kPa组;对延长的神经进行组织学观察,发现延长神经的近侧部分轴突轴索较直,弯曲度较小,粗细均匀,髓鞘连续性良好,再生神经生长较好;中段部分神经纤维致密,成簇状排列,神经延长末端髓鞘成分减少,许旺细胞增殖明显。说明负压吸引可以促进大鼠坐骨神经的再生,且13.30kPa压力下更有利于神经再生。

Relationship of vacuum aspiration with repair and regeneration of rat injured sciatic nerve

BACKGROUND:Repair of peripheral nerve defects is the current challenge in traumatic surgery and reconstructive surgery.The present hotspot in this field is how to promote neural regeneration.Several common methods have their own defects or limitations,such as nerve transplantation,nerve elongation,nerve bridging and tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of vacuum aspiration on promoting the repair and regeneration of rat sciatic nerve at different pressures.METHODS:Thirty healthy adult SD rats were divided into three groups following different pressures(6.65,13.30 and 19.95 kPa) on the proximal end of the right sciatic nerve after transection in rats sucked by vacuum aspiration.After vacuum aspiration for 60 minutes,there was a rest of 30 minutes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment for 1 month,the proximal nerve at the experimental side was found different degrees of growth.Moreover,growth length in 13.30 kPa group was longer than that in 6.65 and 19.95 kPa groups.Histological observation showed that in the proximal end of regenerated nerves,neuraxis was straight,little curved,and thickness was uniform,besides,the myelin sheath was well consecutive,and the growth of regenerated nerves was good.In the middle part,nerve fibers were compact and arranged in cluster.In the distal end,myelin sheath components were reduced,and hyperplasia of schwann cells could be observed obviously.These results suggest that vacuum aspiration can promote the regeneration of rat sciatic nerve.In addition,vacuum aspiration at 13.30 kPa exhibits more effective for nerve regeneration.