多孔型丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔半月板无血运区软骨损伤

背景:随着组织工程的兴起,半月板无血运区损伤的修复可能性显著地提高,但单一的支架材料均不能符合理想支架的要求,有一定的局限性。目的:观察丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔半月板无血运区软骨损伤的效果。方法:体外分离培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞,并定向诱导成纤维软骨细胞,与丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合培养。42只构建半月板无血运区软骨损伤模型成功的大白兔随机抽签法均分为3组,复合材料组植入骨髓间充质干细胞-丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合物;单纯材料组植入丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石;对照组不行任何干预。结果与结论:复合材料组大体观察损伤被修复组织填充,8~12周效果逐渐改善,与正常半月板组织相似,优于其他两组;组织学检查显示8周时出现软骨囊和排列紊乱的胶原纤维,12周时完全修复了半月板损伤区,表现为纤维软骨样组织愈合;单纯材料组部分修复了半月板损伤区,呈瘢痕愈合,对照组未见软骨修复。MRI检查显示复合材料组修复效果较好;说明丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合骨髓间充质干细胞可有效地修复半月板无血运区缺损。丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石材料作为半月板软骨组织工程支架材料的良好生物相容性。

Repair of meniscal cartilage injuries in the avascular zone of rabbits by using porous silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

BACKGROUND:With the emergence of tissue engineering, the possibility of meniscal repair in the avascular zone is greatly increased, but single scaffold materials fail to meet an ideal scaffold and have certain limitations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HA) combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on repairing meniscal cartilage injuries in the avascular zone of rabbits. METHODS: Rabbit BMSCs were isolated, cultured and induced into fibrochondrocytes, and then cultured with SF/HA. A rabbit model of unilateral meniscal cartilage injuries in the avascular zone was established. A total of 42 rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Compound group was implanted with the compound of BMSCs and SF/HA, pure material group was implanted with SF/HA and control group had no treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results of general observation showed that the injured tissue had been filled in the compound group. And the repair effect was improved gradually at weeks 8-12, which was similar to the normal meniscus tissue and superior to the other two groups. The results of histological examination exhibited cartilage capsule and collagen fibers arranged in disorder at week 8, and meniscus injuries were completely repaired in the compound group at week 12. Meniscus injuries were partly repaired with scar healing in the pure materials group. The control group was not found cartilage injuries healing. The results of MRI examination indicated that the repair effect of the compound group was the best. These findings suggest that the method of BMSCs combined with SF/HA is feasible to repair meniseal cartilage injuries in the avascular zone, and the SF/HA can be used as scaffold materials for meniscal cartilage tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility.