人工肺的膜材料:研究与应用

背景:人工肺是一项生命支持技术,可以在自身肺功能出现衰竭不能维持人体器官充分的氧供时使用,或者从长远发展来看,可永久性地植入人体,部分或完全替代人体肺功能。当前,通过改进膜材料、优化设计以及对各种性能的实验评估和临床评价,人工肺的研究着力于提高气体交换能力和生物相容性,为抢救患者的生命提供更可靠的手段。目的:利用Scopus数据库及CKNI数据库文献检索和深度分析功能,对人工肺膜材料的文献资料进行多层次探讨分析,根据检索文献结果分析人工肺膜材料的发展状况及趋势。方法:通过计算机检索Scopus数据库及CKNI数据库中2002/2011有关人工肺膜材料的文献,检索词为"人工肺(artificial lung),膜材料(membrane materials),生物相容性(biocompatibility),膜式氧合器(membrane oxygenator),膜式人工肺(membrane-type artificial lung),中空纤维(hollow fiber),高分子材料(polymer materials)"。结果与结论:目前人工肺膜的结构形式已从最初的卷筒式、平板折叠式发展到今天广为采用的微孔中空纤维膜式。用于制造中空纤维的材料主要为一些成纤性能良好的高分子材料,如聚丙烯、聚醚砜等。膜式人工肺可以提高气体交换能力和生物相容性。随着高新材料的开发、基础研究的深入和临床经验的积累,人工肺必将开创治疗重症呼吸系统疾患的新局面。Scopus数据库2002-01/2011-12收录人工肺膜材料的相关文献共172篇,该领域的文献产出量发展较平稳,总体无显著增加,《人工器官》杂志发表文献量最多。

The research and application of artificial lung membrane materials

BACKGROUND:The artificial lung is a life-support technology and can be used when pulmonary failure occurs and the lung cannot maintain adequate oxygen supply for human organs. In view of the long-term development, the artificial lung can be implanted into the human body to partially or completely replace the lung permanently. At present, studies addressing the artificial lung are focused on gas exchange capacity and biocompatibility to provide more reliable means to rescue the lives of patients through the improvement of membrane materials, optimizing design as well as experimental and clinical evaluations. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the literatures on the artificial lung membrane materials through Scopus database and CNKI database, and to understand the status and trends of the artificial lung membrane materials. METHODS:Retrieval was performed for the literature about the artificial lung membrane materials, using keywords of artificial lung, membrane materials, biocompatibility, membrane oxygenator, membrane-type artificial lung, hollow fiber, polymer materials between 2002-01 and 2011-12 in Scopus database and CNKI database. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The structure of the artificial lung membrane has been developed from drum, plate folding to microporous hollow fiber membrane which is widely used now. The hollow fiber materials are mainly polymers with high performance of fiber formation, such as polypropylene and poly(ether sulfone). Membrane-type artificial lung can improve gas exchange and biocompatibility. With the development of new technologies and materials, the advance of basic research as well as the accumulation of clinical experience, the artificial lung is bound to initiate new insight in the treatment of severe respiratory disorders. A total of 172 papers on the artificial lung membrane materials published between 2002-01 and 2011-12 were retrieved in Scopus database, in which most of papers were published as original articles. The overall number of literature is more stable, and there is no significant increasing. Artificial Organs published most papers in this field.