无机载银抗菌剂在口腔修复中的研究应用现状

背景:口腔环境是有菌环境,各种修复治疗的效果面临着来自微生物的挑战,治疗的成败在一定程度上取决于材料的抗菌性能。银系无机抗菌剂由于抗菌谱广,生物安全性高,不易产生耐药性等特点,成为众多学者研究的热点。目的:综述无机载银抗菌剂在口腔修复材料中的应用及研究进展,为进一步的临床应用提供理论基础。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI数据库、PubMed数据库、OVID数据库等1990-01/2011-04有关银系无机抗菌剂及其在口腔修复中的应用的相关文章。纳入与无机载银抗菌剂及其在口腔修复中的应用研究密切相关的近期发表或在权威杂志上发表的文章,共29篇入选分析。结果与结论:银是一种理想的抗菌材料,对口腔常见致病菌如白色念珠菌、变异链球菌,乳酸杆菌等具有良好的抗菌效果,将其应用到口腔修复材料中具有广阔的临床应用前景。但银离子不稳定,易变色,在修复材料的改性研究中,克服材料的氧化变色、减小对材料理化性能的影响及其材料的临床应用与评价等问题仍有待于进一步研究。

Research status of inorganic silver-carrying antibacterial agent in oral prosthodontics

BACKGROUND:Oral environment is bacterial, and so the effects of restorative treatments face challenges from micro-organisms. To some extent, the success of treatment depends on the antimicrobial properties of restorative material. The silver antibacterial agent has become a research hotspot for its characteristics of broad spectrum antimicrobial, high biological security and rare drug tolerance. OBJECTIVE:To review the application and research of inorganic silver-carrying antibacterial agent in prosthodontics material and provide a theoretical basis for the further clinical application. METHODS:CNKI, PubMed and OVID databases were retrieved online for articles concerning the application of inorganic silver-carrying antibacterial agent in oral prosthodontics from 1990-01 to 2011-04. Articles highly related to the application and research of inorganic silver-carrying antibacterial agent in oral prosthodontics that published recently or in the authorized journals were included. Twenty-nine articles were included in result analysis. RESUTS AND CONCLUSION: Silver is an effective antibacterial material and has a good effect on oral common pathogenic bacteria, such as candita albicans, streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus. Application of silver into prosthodontics material has a broad prospect. However, silver ion is unstable and tarnished easily. In the modification study of prosthodontics material, it is needed to further research for overcoming oxidizing discoloration, reducing the affection of silver on material physical and chemical properties, as well as the clinical application and evaluation of prosthodontics material.