教师支持在大学生成长中的角色作用

目的促进对大学生的全方位心理支持,增进教师对大学生心育与德育的有机结合。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对福建省3所本科高校1368名大学生进行测查,并运用SPSS12.0统计软件包进行χ2检验和U检验。结果大学生心理支持源提名显示"恋人或朋友"以及"大学同学"提名率都超过87%,仅次于父母亲人(94.1%);辅导员提名率47.2%;心理咨询教师提名率仅13.5%;高校男生社会支持得分低于女生和全国常模,差异有统计学意义(U=3.291,P0.001;U=5.443P0.05);男女大学生心理健康水平均低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论大学生社会支持系统呈"倾斜"态势,教师系统的支持功效未能得到充分发挥。

Impacts of Teacher Support on College Student Growth

Objective To improve all aspects of psychological support of college students and promote the close integration between psychological education and ideological education.Methods Social support rating scale（SSRS）,symptom check list（SCL-90）and self-designed questionnaires were used to survey 1368 pupils from 3 universities in Fujian province.Results were obtained through methods of t-test and χ2-test by statistical package for the SPSS 12.0.Results Psychological support sources in universities showed that parents were the most important support source in new university students.The second most important source came from lovers or friends and schoolmates.The third most important source came from their instructors.The fourth source came from psychological counseling staffs.The percentage of importance for each of them was 94.1%,87%,47.2% and 13.5%,respectively.Compared to the percentage of acquiring supports from new university students in the two groups,all kinds of scores of girls or the national norm were higher than boys,the difference was statistically significant（u=3.291,P0.001;u=5.443,P 0.05）.The scores of mental health of college students were lower than the national norm.The difference was also statistically significant（P0.001）.Conclusion The structure of psychological support system in universities was unbalanced.Psychological education effectiveness of teacher support system,namely moral education system could not be fully exercised.