数字化下颌骨的计算机重建

背景：随着计算机技术与医学相结合及医学与工科相结合的发展,越来越多的方法被用于下颌骨的重建。目的：分析计算机三维重建技术在下颌骨缺损中的应用及意义。方法：应用计算机检索万方数据库、维普数据库和PubMed数据库中1999-01/2011-10关于下颌骨数字化三维重建的文章,在标题和摘要中以＂下颌骨;数字化;三维重建;计算机技术＂或＂CAD/CAM;mandible;3D mandible model＂为检索词进行检索。结果与结论：下颌骨缺损类型众多,不同个体间下颌骨形态差异也较大,简单应用下颌骨正常均值来代替个体下颌骨进行修复是不合适的,因而在进行下颌骨修复重建之前行个体化设计至关重要。随着数字化技术医学领域广泛应用,计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造较好的解决了此类问题,在计算机上设计出理想下颌骨形态以及它与上颌骨的解剖关系,通过快速原型技术复制出实体模型,便于体外精确测量分析并进行手术设计,而骨组织工程方法可以在计算机辅助下构建出一个与缺损区形态一致的三维、个体化骨组织,使得下颌骨在形态及功能的精确修复成为可能。

Computer reconstruction of a digital visible model of the mandible

BACKGROUND：With the development of the combinations of computer technology and medical science,medical science and engineering,more and more methods are used to reconstruct mandible.OBJECTIVE：To explore the application and significance of three dimensional （3D） computer technology in the reconstruction of mandibular defects.METHODS：A computer-based online search of Wanfang,VIP and PubMed databases was performed for articles related to the digital 3D reconstruction of mandible,which were published between January 1999 and October 2011 with the key words of ＂mandible＂,＂digital＂,＂3D reconstruction＂ and ＂computer technology＂ in Chinese or ＂CAD/CAM＂,＂mandible＂ and ＂3D mandible model＂ in English in the titles and abstracts.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：There are many types of mandibular defects;given the wide individual variation of the mandibular morphology,it is not appropriate to simply use the normal average of mandible instead of the individual mandible to repair.Therefore performing individual design before the mandibular reconstruction is essential.With the wide application of digital technology in the medical field,computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing have effectively solved such problems.An ideal form of the mandible and its anatomical relationship with the maxilla has been designed using the computer;then the physical replication model has been constructed through rapid prototyping technology.It is convenient for the accurate measurement and analysis in vitro as well as the operation design.With the help of computers,bone tissue engineering can build a 3D individual bone tissue which is consistent with the shape of the defects,making the accurate repair of mandibular morphology and function possible.