134株嗜血杆菌体外抗菌药物敏感性分析

目的　了解临床分离的嗜血杆菌对头孢噻肟等 1 7种抗菌药物的抗菌活性状况 ,指导临床合理用药控制嗜血杆菌的流行。方法　对从临床痰液标本分离出的 1 34株嗜血杆菌进行头孢噻肟等 1 7种抗菌药物的药敏试验和 β 内酰胺酶试验 ,利用WHONET4软件对试验数据进行处理和分析。 结果　在被检测的 5 0 0份标本中 ,分离到 1 34株嗜血杆菌 (35 % ) ,其中副流感嗜血杆菌 71株 ,流感嗜血杆菌 6 3株。研究发现流感嗜血杆菌对头孢噻肟的敏感性最高 ,为 1 0 0 % ,其次为阿莫西林 /克拉维酸 ,敏感性为 95 .2 %。 1 34株嗜血杆菌对复方磺胺甲唑、甲氧苄氨嘧啶都表现了较高的耐药性 ,耐药率 >6 5 % ,对喹诺酮类抗生素耐药率也较高。结论　治疗嗜血杆菌感染的最有效药物为头孢噻肟 ,其次为阿莫西林 /克拉维酸。

Analysis of the activity of antibiotics to 134 Haemophilus species

Objective To investigate the activity of 17 antibiotics, represented by cefotaxime, to clinical isolates of Haemophilus species , for the guidance of treatment of Haemophilus species infection. Methods Drug sensitivity test and beta lactam enzyme test of 134 isolates of Haemophilus species from clinical phlegm, to 17 antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, were carried out. Results In the 134 Haemophilus species 71 were Haemophilus parainfluenzae , and 63 were Haemophilus influenzae . The sensitivity of Haemophilus influenzae to cefotaxime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid mentin was 100% and 95.2% respectively. All the 134 Haemophilus species showed high drug resistance to sulfamethoxazole Co, trimethoprim, and the resistance rate was higher than 65%. They also showed high resistance to quinolone. Conclusions Cefotaxime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid are the most effective antibiotics for Haemophilus influenzae infection.