工作记忆与运动功能和高考成绩的相关分析

目的探讨不同类型工作记忆与运动功能和高考成绩的关系,并比较男女间的差异。方法测试了男48例,女44例大学生的数字广度、空间广度、多图形空间广度和左右手运动速度,结合高考成绩进行了分析比较。结果男女三种工作记忆广度测试成绩(数字广度9.15±1.20,9.14±1.34;空间广度9.16±2.13,8.65±1.55;多图形空间广度7.25±1.33;6.93±1.43)差异无显著性(P>0.05)。男性多图形空间广度成绩与数字广度成绩呈正相关,与右手运动成绩呈正相关。女性多图形空间广度成绩与空间广度成绩呈正相关,与数字广度成绩呈正相关,与左指运动成绩呈正相关。结论男女处理复杂工作记忆任务的方式有差异;复杂的工作记忆任务比简单的任务更能反映大脑的综合功能,与行为结果的关系也更密切。

Working memories and their relationships to motor function and academic achievement

ObjectiveTo study different types of working memories and their relationships to the moving speed of hands and academic achievement.MethodThe digit span, spatial span, multiple-objects-spatial span and the moving speed of hands and fingers were measured in 92 college students (48 males, 44 females). Their scores of entrance examination for college (nationally organized) were used as index of academic achievement. ResultsThere was no significant difference of scores between male and female students in three types of working memory span. In male, the score of multiple-objects-spatial span was positively correlated with the score of digit span and the moving speed of right hand. In female, the score of multiple-objects-spatial span was positively correlated with the scores of spatial span, digit span and the moving speed of left finger. Both male and female scores of multiple-objects-spatial span were positively correlated with the score of mathematics.ConclusionThere are gender-related differences in processing complex working memory tasks. Complex working memory task is a better predictor of general cerebral function and behavior performances than simple working memory task.