全麻苏醒期躁动的现状

全麻苏醒期躁动（emergence agitation，EA）为一种业已熟知的临床现象，但其机制尚未阐明。可能由在不熟悉的环境下迅速苏醒、疼痛（创伤、咽喉炎、膀胱膨胀等）、诱导期紧张、低氧血症、气道梗阻、喧闹的环境、麻醉持续时间、患者的个性、术前用药和麻醉的类型等因素诱发。本文主要讨论术后躁动的可能原因，提供更好的识别和预防此类问题的方法。

Status quo of studied on emergence agitation

Postoperative agitation is a well-documented clinical phenomenon. There is no definitive explanation for this agitation. Possible causes include rapid awakening in unfamiliar settings, pain (wounds, sore throat,bladder distension, etc.) , stress during induction, hypoxemia, airway obstruction, noisy environment,anesthesia duration, patient's personality, premedication and type of anesthesia. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the possible causes of postoperative agitation, providing a foundation for better methods of identifying and preventing this problem.