施万细胞移植促进大鼠脊髓全横断损伤后大脑皮质锥体神经元和红核神经元的存活

目的] 探讨施万细胞移植对大鼠脊髓全横断损伤后大脑皮质感觉运动区神经元和脑干红核神经元存活的影响.方法] 大鼠脊髓全横断损伤后移植吸附施万细胞的胶原或明胶,术后 3个月计数大脑皮质感觉运动区锥体神经元和脑干红核神经元密度以及红核体积.同时以单纯移植胶原或明胶或不移植物体的脊髓损伤大鼠为对照.结果] 脊髓全横断损伤后,大脑皮质感觉运动区锥体神经元密度和脑干红核神经元密度明显较正常大鼠相应区域内的神经元密度降低;移植施万细胞的两个组(胶原施万细胞组和明胶施万细胞组)上述两个区域的神经元密度较未移植施万细胞的 3个组(对照组,胶原组和明胶组)高,差异有统计学意义;而移植施万细胞的两个组之间比较或未移植施万细胞的 3个组之间比较,上述区域的神经元密度无显著性差异.结论] 脊髓全横断损伤可导致大脑皮质感觉运动区锥体神经元和脑干红核神经元发生死亡,施万细胞移植能够促进脊髓损伤后大脑皮质感觉运动区锥体神经元和脑干红核神经元的存活.

Transplanted Schwann Cells Promote the Neuronal Survival of Cerebral Cortex and Red Nucleus After Rat Spinal Cord Transection

Objective] To investigate the effects of transplanted Schwann cells on the neuronal survival in senserimotor cortices of cerebrum and red nuclei of brain stem after rat spinal cord transec-tion. Methods] Three months after the collagen or gelform saturated with cultured Schwann cells was transplanted into the completely transected site of rat spinal cord, the pyramidal neuronal densities of senserimotor cortices and the neuronal densities of red nuclei were counted, and the volumes of red nucle-i were measured. Animals received collgagen transplantation, gelatin transplantation only or no transplantation were used as control groups. Results] After spinal cord transection, the neuronal densities in senserimotor cortices and red nuclei of rats decreased significantly compared with normal rats. The neuronal densities of senserimotor cortices and red nuclei in the two groups of transplanted Schwann cells (collagen SCs group and gelatin SCs group) after spinal cord transection were significantly higher than any one of the three groups not transplanted Schwann cells (collagen group, gelform group and control group). There were no significant differences in the neuronal densities between the two groups of transplanted Schwann cells or among the three groups of not transplanted Schwann cells. Conclusion] Spinal cord transection can lead to neuronal death in senserimotor cortices of cerebrum and red nuclei of brain stem. Schwann cell transplantation may promote the neuronal survival in senseri-motor cortices and red nuclei after spinal cord injury.