Nutrition support in a surgical patient |
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Authors: | Thapa B R Jagirdhar Sujit |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 160012 Chandigarh, India |
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Abstract: | Nutrition has very important role to play during health and disease state in human beings. Neonates and younger children are
more prone to develop nutritional deficiencies. They have very critical reserves and are rapidly growing. Any surgical insult
leads to multiple nutritional problems. Careful planning of nutritional management in a surgical patient is mandatory. Nutritional
support should start from the day when the child develops the surgical condition to withstand stress of disease and surgical
procedure. In the postoperative period nutritional support should start as early as possible. Start with small amount and
build up gradually till the normal enterai nutrition (EN) is tolerated. When EN is not tolerated parenteral nutrition (PN)
should be considered. Parenteral nutrition on short term basis is very important to tide over the crisis due to postoperative
complications. Parenteral nutrition on long term basis is required in short bowel syndrome resulting from resection of large
part of the gut. During PN, enterai nutrition should be continued in small amounts in order to maintain the integrity of mucosal
lining of the gut. Enterai nutrition is more physiological and can provide adequate amount of immunonutrients, minerals and
vitamins. |
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Keywords: | Nutrition Enteral Parenteral Immunonutrients |
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