性别在避孕方法认识、选择与决定中的作用

目的：了解并分析性别在避孕方法认识、选择与决定中的作用。方法：在四川省内采用分层、整群抽样及结构式问卷方法调查。结果：有效调查已婚育龄男女2631人，男、女对避孕方法的认识较一致；避孕方法使用比例居前3位的依次是宫内节育器（55.8％）、避孕套（24.2％）和男性绝育（5.7％）；选择男／女用避孕方法与调查对象对避孕方法、计划生育责任的认识以及男、女在家庭中的角色有关；避孕选择决定方式与性别因素和夫妻之间的沟通交流有关。结论：男性优势的传统观念仍然根深蒂固，调查人群对男性参与计划生育／生殖健康重要性的认识不足。社会各界需共同努力，促进性别的公平与公正及对妇女的赋权，构建合谐健康的两性关系、家庭和社区环境。

The Role of Gender in Contraceptive Awareness, Choice and Decision Making

Objective:To understand and analyze gender role in contraceptive awareness, choice and decision making. Methods: Stratified and cluster sampling as well as structured questionnaire survey were used for data collection in Sichuan province. Results: A total of 2 631 married people at reproductive age were investigated. Awareness of contraceptives was consistent in male and female respondents. Three most commonly used contraceptive were intrauterine device (55.8%), condom (24.2%) and male sterilization (5.7%). Use of male/female contraception methods was associated with the awareness of contraceptives, the understanding of taking responsibility for family planning, and the role of gender in family. Contraceptive choice was influenced by gender-related factors as well as communication and negotiation between couples. Conclusion: The traditional concept of male dominance is still deeply rooted in social and culture. The respondents are lack of awareness of important role that males play in family planning/reproductive health. Efforts should be made by all to promote gender equality and equity, empower women, and build healthy gender relationships, families and communities.