安徽省无偿献血人群HBV和HCV流行特征分析

目的 分析安徽省无偿献血人群HBV、HCV相关感染指标检出情况及其特征,为预防控制经输血传播疾病提供参考和依据。方法 收集安徽省血液管理信息系统内2016年1月至2020年12月无偿献血者的筛查资料,采用单因素和Pearson相关性分析对不同年份、不同献血次数、不同地区及不同年龄段献血者HBsA、HBV DNA、抗HCV、HCV RNA指标进行回顾性分析,了解HBV、HCV在不同特征人群中的流行情况。结果 共筛查无偿献血人群血液标本2 530 232例,HBsA、HBV DNA、抗HCV、HCV RNA阳性率分别为0.42%、0.10%、0.16%和1.03/10万,不同年度间HBsA、HBV DNA、抗HCV阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中HBsA阳性率、抗HCV阳性率与年份相关,呈现逐年下降的趋势(r_{HBsA阳性率}=-0.900,P=0.037;r_{抗HCV阳性率}=-0.900,P=0.037)。皖南、皖中及皖北地区HBsA、HBV DNA、抗HCV阳性率比较,差异有统计学(P<0.05),皖南地区HBsA阳性率最高(0.65%),皖中地区HBV DNA阳性率最高(0.15%),皖北地区抗HCV阳性率最高(0.18%)。重复献血者占47.53%,重复献血者的HBV和HCV相关指标均低于初次献血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。18～55岁人群中,HBsA阳性率、HBV DNA阳性率随着年龄增加呈现线性上升趋势(r_{HBsA阳性率}=0.991,P=0.009;r_{HBV DNA阳性率}=0.974,P=0.005)。结论 安徽省无偿献血人群中HBV和HCV总体上呈低流行态势,献血者HBsA、抗-HCV阳性率逐年下降,HBsA、HBV DNA和抗HCV阳性献血者分别相对集中于皖南、皖中、皖北地区,初次献血、中高年龄段献血者阳性率较高,应持续开展献血人群相关指标的监测分析。

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of HBV and HCV among unpaid blood donors in Anhui province

Objective To analyze the characteristics of HBV and HCV related infection indexes in unpaid blood donors in Anhui province. Methods The screening data of unpaid blood donors from January 2016 to December 2020 in the blood management information system of Anhui province were collected. HBsA, HBV DNA, anti-HCV and HCV RNA of blood donors in different years, different times of blood donation, different regions and different ages were analyzed retrospectively by univariate and Pearson correlation analysis, to understand the prevalence of HBV and HCV in populationwith different characteristics.Results The positive rate of HBsA, HBV DNA, anti-HCV and HCV RNA was 0.42%, 0.10%, 0.16% and 1.03/100,000 respectively; there were significant differences in HBsA, HBV DNA and anti-HCV in different years (P & Lt; 0.05). The positive rates of HBsA and anti-HCV were correlated with years, the positive rate of R_HBSA=-0.900, P=0.037, R _ANTI-HCV=-0.900, P=0.037. The positive rates of HBsA, HBV DNA and anti-HCV in southern Anhui, central Anhui and northern Anhui were statistically different. The highest positive rate of HBsA was found in southern Anhui (0.65%), the highest positive rate of HBV DNA in central Anhui (0.15%), and the highest positive rate of anti-HCV was found in northern Anhui (0.18%). The HBV and HCV markers in repeat blood donors were lower than those in primary blood donors, and the difference was statistically significant. The positive rates of HBsA and HBV DNA in population aged between 18 and 55-year-old showed a linear increasing trend with age (R_HBSA=0.991, P=0.009;R_HBVDNA=0.974, P=0.005).Conclusions The positive rates of HBsA, anti-HCV blood donors decreaseyear by year. The positive rates of HBsA, HBV DNA and anti-HCV blood donorsare relatively concentrated in southern Anhui, central Anhui and northern Anhui, and the positive rate of primary and middle-aged blood donors is high, so the monitoring and analysis of blood donors should be carried out continuously to provide reference for prevention and control of transfusion-transmitted diseases and blood safety.