椎间盘退变和关节突关节骨性关节炎对腰椎稳定性的影响

目的 探讨腰椎退变过程中，腰椎间盘退变、关节突关节骨性关节炎与腰椎稳定性之间的关系。方法 对78名腰椎退变患者进行腰椎MRI和动力位X线摄影。腰椎不稳分为椎间角度运动不稳、旋转不稳和椎间位移不稳，其中椎间位移不稳细分为：前向不稳、后向不稳和前后向不稳。腰椎间盘退变依据矢状位T2加权像分为5级；关节突关节骨性关节炎依据水平位T1加权像分为4级。对资料进行统计分析。结果 腰椎椎间角度运动不稳和前后向椎间位移不稳与关节突关节骨性关节炎存在显著负相关，前向椎间位移不稳与腰椎关节突关节骨性关节炎和椎间盘退变呈显著正相关，腰椎矢状面旋转不稳与腰椎关节突关节骨性关节炎无显著相关。结论 腰椎间盘退变和腰椎关节突关节骨性关节炎可影响腰椎运动节段的稳定性。

The effects of disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis on the stability of the degenerative lumbar spine

Objective In order to explore the exact relations among disc degeneration,facet joint osteoarthritis,and the stability of the degenerative lumbar spine. Methods Seventy-eight consecutive patients had both magnetic resonance imaging and flexion and extension radiographs of the lumbar spine. The lumbar instability was classified into abnormal tilting on flexion,rotatory instability in the sagittal plane,and translatory instability. Translatory instability was subdivided into anterior, posterior,and anteroposterior translatory instability. Disc degeneration as seen on T2-weighted sagittal images was classified into five grades. Facet joint osteoarthritis as seen on axial T1-weighted images was divided into four grades. The data were performed by using statistical method. Results The results showed that abnormal tilting movement on flexion and anteroposterior translatory instability both had negative associations with facet joint osteoarthritis. However,anterior translatory instability was positively associated with disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis. Rotatory instability in the sagittal plane and posterior translatory instability were not associated with disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis. Conclusion The kinematics of the lumbar motion segment are affected by disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis.