急性应激障碍患者临床特征及预后状况分析

目的：探讨急性应激障碍患者的临床特征及预后状况。方法对53例急性应激障碍患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析，随访5a。随访5a末对患者再次诊断并进行社会功能评定。结果本组患者男女比例为1：2．3，58．5％年龄＜35岁，60．4％性格内向，86．8％为初中及以下文化程度；应激源多为家庭有关问题（45．3％）和工作生活学习问题（43．4％）；56．6％表现为精神运动性兴奋，26．4％表现为精神运动性抑制；治疗方案以药物治疗为主。随访39例患者中31例维持诊断者痊愈率为96．8％，其中93．5％无社会功能障碍。结论急性应激障碍患者以中青年、女性、内向型性格者居多，且文化程度较低，多由家庭、工作、生活、学习等相关问题所致，主要表现为精神运动性兴奋，临床上以药物治疗为主，预后较好。

Clinical features of patients with acute stress disorders and prognosis analysis

Objective To explore the clinical features and prognoses of patients with acute stress disorders （ASD） .Methods Case data of 53 ASD patients were retrospectively analyzed and followed up for 5 years .Patients were diagnosed again at the end of follow-up and their social func-tions assessed .Results The ratio of male to female was 1 to 2 .31 ,patients aged 〈 35 made up 58 .5% , ones with introversion character did 60 .4% ,ones with junior high school and below educational levels did 86 .8% ,main stressors were family （45 .3% ） and work/life/learning （43 .4% ） problems ,main clinical manifestation was psychomotor agitation （56 .6% ） ,therapy was mainly antianxiety drug combined with antipsychotic or antidepressant drug .Among follow-up 39 patients ,8 ones’ diagnoses were modified final-ly （20 .5% ） ,recovery rate of ones maintaining diagnosis was 79 .5% ,ones without social dysfunction made up 93 .5% .Conclusion ASD patients are mainly the middle-aged and young women with introversion character ,their educational levels lower ,family and work/life/learning problems be main stressors ,psy-chomotor agitation is main clinical manifestation ,medication be main treatment method ,and their prog-noses are better .