艾灸及其生成物对腹泻型肠易激综合症模型大鼠内脏痛和结肠水液代谢的影响

目的：探讨艾灸治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征（IBS-D）的作用机制及起效因素。方法：40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、温和灸组、无烟温和灸组、艾烟组，直结肠球囊刺激制备IBS-D模型，观察大鼠一般状况，腹部撤回反射（AWR）评分评估内脏痛，免疫组化检测结肠Claudin-1、AQP3、AQP8、Na+/K+-ATPase蛋白表达。结果：与正常组比较，IBS-D模型大鼠AWR 评分和结肠Claudin-1、AQP3、AQP8、Na+/K+-ATPase蛋白表达显著降低（P＜0.01），粪便稀软，部分肛门周围鼠毛沾染稀便。综合疗效：温和灸、无烟温和灸、艾烟干预后，IBS-D模型大鼠粪便性状等大体情况改善，AWR 评分不同程度降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），除Na+/K+-ATPase外，结肠Claudin-1、AQP3、AQP8表达不同程度升高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），综合疗效：温和灸>无烟温和灸>艾烟。结论：温热刺激、光辐射、艾烟3 者相结合对IBS-D 模型大鼠内脏痛和结肠水液代谢的改善效应最好，其中温热刺激、光辐射可能发挥了更为主要的作用。

Effect of Visceral Pain and Water Metabolism on IBS-D Model Rats by Moxibustion and Its Products

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of visceral pain and water metabolism on irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) model rats by moxibustion and its products. A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, moxibustion group, non-smoke moxibustion group, and moxa smoke group. IBS-D model was induced by colorectal distension with an inflatable balloon. The general condition of rats was observed. Visceral pain was assessed by abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR) scores. The immunohistochemical method was used in the detection of claudin-1, AQP3, AQP8 and Na+/K+-ATPase protein expression. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the AWR scores, claudin-1, AQP3, AQP8 and Na+/K+-ATPase protein expression in the colon were decreased in the model group(P < 0.01). The stool was loose, which was on hair around the anus. After moxibustion, non-smoke moxibustion and moxa smoke stimulation, the stool conditions of IBS-D model rats were improved. The AWR scores were decreased in different degrees (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Except Na+/K+-ATPase, expressions of claudin-1, AQP3 and AQP8 in colon were increased in different degrees (P < 0.05 or P <0.01). The comprehensive therapeutic effect showed that moxibustion was better than non-smoke moxibustion; and non-smoke moxibustion was better than moxa smoke stimulation. It was concluded that the combination of warm stimulation, optical radiation and moxa smoke induced best effect in improving visceral pain and water metabolism on IBS-D model rats. Among them, warm stimulation and optical radiation may play the main role.