1259例住院患者微量白蛋白尿患病率及危险因素分析

目的 探讨住院患者微量白蛋白尿（microalbuminuria，MAU）的患病率及其相关危险因素。 方法 2012年同济大学医学院附属同济医院检测过尿微量白蛋白的1 259例住院患者，根据尿微量白蛋白水平分为MAU组（n=352）及正常白蛋白尿（NAU）组（n=907），统计并比较两组患者的临床特征，分析MAU的危险因素。 结果 住院患者MAU的患病率为27.9%。MAU组患者的年龄以及2型糖尿病、高血压、2型糖尿病合并高血压的患病率高于NAU组（P<0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析表明：年龄、2型糖尿病为MAU的独立危险因素，高龄（≥80岁，OR=1.668，95%CI 1.185～2.348）、2型糖尿病（OR=1.718，95%CI 1.334～2.211）患者MAU的风险升高。 结论 住院患者MAU与年龄、2型糖尿病密切相关，提示严格控制血糖、及时干预治疗有助于延缓糖尿病肾病、心血管疾病的发生发展。

Analysis of prevalence and risk factors of microalbuminuria in 1259 hospitalized patients

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of microalbuminuria (MAU) in hospitalized patients. Methods A total of 1 259 hospitalized patients undergoing detection of urinary microalbumin in 2012 were recruited from Tongji Hospital. They were divided into two groups according to the level of urinary microalbumin, with 907 cases in the normal albuminuria (NAU) group and 352 in the MAU group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared and the risk factors of MAU were analyzed. Results The MAU prevalence was 27.9% in our study. Patients in the MAU group had an elder age and higher prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes combined with hypertension compared with the NAU group (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression showed that age and type 2 diabetes were the independent risk factors of MAU. Advanced age (>80 years old,OR=1.668,95%CI 1.185-2.348) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=1.718,95%CI 1.334-2.211) increased the risk for MAU in hospitalized patients. Conclusion MAU is closely related to age and type 2 diabetes mellitus in hospitalized patients, which suggests that strict control of blood glucose and timely treatment can slow down diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease in hospitalized patients.