重症监护病房感染流行菌及其耐药性

目的 研究重症监护病房(ICU)感染流行菌株及其耐药性，为合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法对ICU人住患者各种标本分离菌株进行统计分析。结果 所有病原菌中鲍氏不动杆菌占21．3％、铜绿假单胞菌20．7％、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌12．0％，药敏显示各菌耐药水平较高。结论 G^-菌中上述3种是ICU主要致病菌；治疗时铜绿假单胞菌可选用阿米卡星，鲍氏不动杆菌首选亚胺培南，其次为头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和阿米卡星；嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌可选用头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和喹喏酮类。

Clinical Isolates and Their Antibiotic Resistance in Intensive Care Unit

OBJECTIVE To study the epidemic strains and their drug-resistance in intensive care unit(ICU) and to provide the evidence for using antibiotics reasonably. METHODS All kinds of strains isolated from in-patients in ICU were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of all strains, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were accounted for 21.3%,20.7% and 12.0%, respectively.The sensitivity to antibiotics showed that all of strains had higher resistance rate. CONCLUSIONS Of the Gram-negative bacilli, A.baumanii, P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia were primary bacteria in ICU. Amikacin could be chosen to treat P. aeruginosa infection. Imipenem was the first choice for treating A. baumanii infection, then cefoperazone/ sulbactam and amikacin were the second ones. Cefoperazone/sulbactam and quinolones could be used to treat S. maltophilia infection.