改良皮肤点刺试验在婴幼儿湿疹中的应用

目的 探讨改良皮肤点刺试验在婴幼儿湿疹中的意义。方法 设计自我对照实验方案，对入选的婴幼儿湿疹患者，使用8种常见的变应原，设立阴性、阳性对照，分别在患儿左右前臂曲侧进行传统和改良皮肤点刺试验，比较两组试验方法的过敏原阳性检出率。结果 248例数据中，改良皮肤点刺试验和传统皮肤点刺试验的过敏原总阳性检出率分别为38.3%和38.7%。最常见的致敏原都是户尘螨和粉尘螨，提示尘螨在婴幼儿湿疹发病中的意义。两组差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 改良皮肤点刺试验效果较好，操作过程简便、安全可靠，能够为临床诊断提供可靠依据。

Application of an improved skin prick test in infantile eczema

Objective To evaluate the performance of an improved skin prick test in infantile eczema.Methods A self-controlled study was carried out in 248 infants with eczema.Improved and conventional skin prick tests were conducted with 8 allergens on the left and right flexural forearm of the subjects,respectively.Results Positive results of skin prick test were found in the left flexural forearm of 38.3％ of the infants,and in the right flexural forearm of 38.7％ of the infants,with no significant difference between the two methods in the detection rate of allergens (P ＞ 0.05).The most common sensitizing allergens were house dust mite and Dermatophagoides culinae as shown by both methods.Conclusions The improved skin prick test displays an acceptable performance with simple and safe procedure in the detection of allergens in infants with eczema,and can provide reliable evidence for clinical diagnosis.