下呼吸道感染鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

目的了解医院鲍曼不动杆菌下呼吸道感染的临床分布及耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法采用纸片扩散(K-B)法进行药物敏感试验,并对169株鲍曼不动杆菌的药物敏感试验进行回顾性分析。结果 169株鲍曼不动杆菌主要来源以重症监护室(ICU)为主,占36.1%。其次为神经外科(25.4%)。药敏试验结果显示该菌对美罗培南和亚胺培南耐药率最低,分别为7.1%和9.5%,其次为头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(14.8%),哌拉西林/他坐巴坦16.6%,对其他抗生素均有不同程度的高耐药性、多重耐药性。结论鲍曼不动杆菌主要分布于ICU和神经外科。碳青霉烯类抗生素仍是敏感性最高的药物,β-内酰胺类/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂酶的抗生素次之,临床应根据药物敏感性结果合理用药,以便及时有效地控制感染并延缓耐药株的产生。

Clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in lower respiratory infections

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in lower respiratory infections for the rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Using disk diffusion method（K-B）for drug susceptibility testing,and drug sensitivity test to antibiotics in 169 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii was analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 169 strains of Acinetobacter banmannii were mainly isolated from ICU（36.1%）,department of neurosurgery（25.4%）.Acinetobacter baumanii had the highest susceptibility to meropenem,the resistant rate was 7.1%,followed by imipenem（9.5%）,cefoperazone/sulbactam（14.8%）piperacillin/tazobactam（16.6%）,which had higher degree of drug resistance rates to the other antibaeterials,and had higher multidrug-resistantce.Conclusion Acinetobacter baumannii strains are mainly isolated from ICU and department of neurosurgery.Carbapenems are still the most active agent against Acinetobacter baumannii,followed by β-lactam / β-lactamase inhibitors.Therapy should be decided according to the results of susceptibility testing.It is very important to select rational drugs correctly according to the results of antibiotics susceptibility tests for controlling the infection effectually and delaying the occurrence of bacteria resistance.