西宁地区1 648名学龄前儿童弱视斜视调查

目的了解西宁学龄儿童斜视、弱视患病情况及发病危险因素,为制定有效的防治措施提供依据。方法对2006年门诊就诊的1 648名3-6岁视力低常儿童进行视力、眼位检查、问卷调查表等分析。结果本调查西宁学龄前儿童中弱视患病率4.48%,3岁组10例（3.49%）,4岁组16例（2.31%）,5岁组23例（5.02%）,6岁组25例（11.79%）,各年龄组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。斜视发病率1.82%（30例）,其中调节性内斜视11例（37%）,间歇性外斜视18例（60%）,麻痹性斜视1例（3%）。结论屈光不正是学龄前儿童斜、弱视发生的主要原因;看电视距离较近、时间过长,斜眼歪头的视物习惯、偏食、睡眠不足等都是造成学龄前儿童低常视力的原因。

Amblyopai and strabismus in 1648 preschool children of Xining District

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of amblyopia and strabimus in preschool children of Xining district.Methods Visual acuity of 1 648 children at the age of 3-6 years who visited our outpatient clinic in 2006 was investigated through questionnaires.Results The total incidence of amblyopia in preschool children of Xining district was 4.48%.Amblyopia was detected in 10 cases（3.49%） at the age of 3 years,16 cases（2.31%） at the age of 4 years,23 cases（5.02%） at the age of 5 years,and 25 cases（11.79%） at the age of 6 years,respectively（P0.05）.The total incidence of strabismus was 1.82%.Accommodative internal strabismus,intermittent external strabismus,and paralytic strabismus were detected in 11（37%）,18（60%） and l（3%） cases,respectively.Conclusion Amblyopia was the main reason of strabismus in preschool children.Questionnaire investigation showed that long-term watching TV in a close distance,looking sideways,food preference,and insufficient sleep were the main reasons of low vision acuity in preschool children.It is critical to reduce the incidence of amblyopia by publicizing its prevention and treatment and carrying out routine eye examination in preschool children.