老年患者医院感染的病原菌及耐药性分析

目的了解60岁以上老年患者医院感染的病原菌分布及其耐药情况。方法用VITEK-AMS仪鉴定细菌并作体外药敏试验,统计、分析老年患者医院感染病原菌种类和药敏结果。结果老年患者医院感染的发病率较高(13.68%),尤以呼吸道感染多见(构成比为72.91%)。病原菌分布以铜绿假单孢菌(25.99%)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(15.07%)等非发酵菌多见,其次为大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等肠杆菌科细菌。引起老年患者医院感染的病原菌的耐药性较强,尤以嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌等非发酵菌的耐药性强。不同种类病原菌其耐药谱各不相同。结论老年患者因抵抗力低,就医过程中容易被医院感染。

Analysis of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in elderly nosocomial infections

Objective To understand the types and the distrubution of pathogenic bacteria of elderly nosocomial infections and their resisntance to antibiotics in our hospital.Methods VITEK-AMS was used to identify bacteria and perform the susceptibility tests in vitro.Results The incidence of elderly nosocomial infection was 13.68%,and the respiratory tract infection was most common with the constituent rate of 72.91%.The most common bacteria were nonfermenters,especially P.aeruginosa（25.99%）and S.maltophilia（15.07%）,followed by enterobacteriaceae bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The resisntant rates of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics were rather high.Conclusion The old patients are easy to get the nosocomial infection because of the low immunity.