纵隔巨大恶性畸胎瘤的诊断和治疗

目的：探讨纵隔巨大恶性畸胎瘤的临床特点，诊断及手术方法。方法：报道1例并回顾国内24例病例，结合国内外献进行分析。结果：包括本例在内的25个病例中，男性12例，年龄10－60岁，平均33．2岁。所有病例均有临床症状，主要表现为胸闷、咳嗽、胸痛。临床误诊率达52％（13／25），CT或MRI可以明确诊断。手术采用胸骨正中切口11例，后外侧切口8例。肿块完全切除20例，切除率为80％。结论：纵隔巨大恶性畸胎瘤临床误诊率较高，CT或MRI可以明确诊断，手术切口以暴露良好为原则，正中切口和后外侧切口为相对较常用的切口，手术切除率高。

Diagnosis and treatment of huge mediastinal malignant teratoma: a report of 1 case and review of literature

ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and therapy of huge mediastinal malignant teratoma.Meth-ods1 case was reported and 24 cases reported in China were reviewed. ResultsThere were 12 cases of male and 13 cases offemale. The age of all patients were from 10 to 60 years old, the average age was 33.2. The most common symptoms were pnea, coughand chest pain. The rate of erroneous diagnosis wa 52%(13/25). The tumors of 11 cases was excised via sternotomy, 8 cases viaposterior thoracotomy. The tumors of 20 cases were totally excised, the excision rate was 80%.Conclusions The huge medias-tinal malignant teratoma is very easy to be misdiagnosed. CT and MRI are more significant to diagnosis. Sternotomy and posteriorthoracotomy are used mostly. The rate of tumors excised totally is high.