2010年我院160例药品不良反应报告分析

目的 了解医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律和特点,促进临床合理用药,提高药物治疗安全性.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对2010年上报的167例药品不良反应报告,按患者年龄、性别,给药途径,涉及药品种类,累及器官和临床表现、转归与评价等进行分析.结果 167例报告中,7例为皮肤过敏试验阳性,有效报告160例.其中患者女47.50%(76/160),男52.50%(84/160),平均年龄54.37岁;静脉给药145例(90.63%),口服给药ll例(6.88%),皮下注射给药4例(25.00%);涉及药品12类73种,列前3位的药品是抗感染药物83例(51.88%),中药制剂40例(25.00%),消化系统用药9例(5.63%);以皮肤及其附件损害为主;药品不良反应多为一般性的(97.50%),严重的4例(2.50%),并且转归良好,无死亡病例.结论 药品不良反应发生无明显年龄和性别差异.抗感染药物、中药制剂及静脉给药途径是引发药品不良反应的主要因素.应加强合理用药监管,保障患者用药安全.

Analysis of 160 Cases the Adverse Drug Reaction in Our Hospital in 2010

Objective To understand the law and characteristics of adverse drug reactions（ADR） occurred in our hospital for promoting rational drug use and improving the medication safety.Methods 167 cases of ADR reports in our hospital in 2010 were retrospectively analyzed in respects of age,sex,drug administration route,drugs categories,involved organs and systems,clinical manifestations,outcomes and evaluation.Results Among 167 cases of ADR reports,7 cases were positive skin test and 160 cases were the effective reports.Among them,females accounted for 47.50%（76/160） and males accounted for 52.50%（84/160）,the average age was 54.37 years.145 cases were the intravenous administration（90.63%）,11 cases were oral administration（6.88%） and 4 cases were subcutaneous injection（25.00%）.The involved drugs totaled more than 73 kinds in 12 categories.The top 3 drugs inducing ADR were anti-infective drugs（83 cases,51.88%）,followed by Chinese medicine preparations（40 cases,25.00%） and the digestive system drugs（9 cases,5.63%）.ADR manifested dominantly by skin and accessory lesions.Most cases were general（97.50%） and 4 cases were severe（2.50%） with good prognosis and without death.Conclusion ADR occurred in our hospital has no significant age and gender differences.Anti-infective drugs,traditional Chinese medicine preparations and intravenous route of administration are the main causes inducing ADR,which suggesting that we should strengthen the supervision and management of their use to ensure drug safety in patients.