470株下呼吸道细菌感染及抗生素敏感性分析

目的了解近期下呼吸道细菌感染的主要致病菌及抗生素敏感性状况。方法通过病例回顾性分析,对我院两年间470株致病菌感染的422例次患者调查分析。结果患者平均年龄63.26±15.57岁,其中G+菌75株(15.96%),G-菌239株(50.85%),真菌156株(33.19%),53例同时检出细菌及真菌,G-细菌大多对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、头孢唑林、头孢呋辛等耐药率均较高,对碳青酶烯类耐药率最低,其次为哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢他定等;G+菌中没有发现对万古霉素耐药的葡萄球菌;4种真菌对抗真菌药物普遍敏感。结论近期下呼吸道感染以高龄患者多见,G-细菌是主要致病菌,真菌感染呈增加趋势,治疗应根据药物敏感试验选用抗生素。

Analysis on 470 strains of pathogenic bacterium and antibiotic resistance obtained from inpatinents with lower respiration tract infection

Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacterium and antibiotic resistance of those patients with lower respiratory tract infection in recent years.Methods Of the 470 strains of bacteria cases found at our hospital in recent years, 422 lower respiratory tract infection patients were investigated through a retrospective analysis of case history.Results he average age of patients was 63.26±15.57. Of the 470 strains of bacteria cases, gram-negative bacteria were 239 strains (50.85%), gram-positive bacteria 75 strains (15.96%) and fungus 156 strains (33.19%). Bacteria and fungus were simultaneously found in 53 cases. The antibiotic sensitivity tests in vituo showed that sensitive rate of imipenem and meropenem was the lowest , followed by piperacillin-tazobactam,cefoperazone-sulbactam and ceftazidime .The resistance rate of the ampicillin was the highest, followed by amoxicillin, cefazolin and cefuroxime. Vancomycin was the most active against gram-positive bacteria tested.Conclusion The elders are liable to suffer from lower respiratory tract infection. Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic that caused lower respiratory tract infection. Fungous infections are increasingly serious. The antibiotic therapies should be selected according to the results of suseeptibility test.