Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其相关因素的研究

目的 研究Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其相关因素。方法 采用自我管理量表和基本资料问卷，对198例门诊患者作一般资料、疾病资料、自我管理水平的调查。结果 从198例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的自我管理总分来看，水平良好26％(51／198)，一般69％(97／198)，差25％(50／198)；而从自我管理单项分值来看，良好的人数均在≤15％，中等水平则集中在饮食、药物、低血糖管理，管理水平差主要反映在运动、血糖监测、糖尿病足，总的来说，糖尿病患者自我管理水平较差。Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的自我管理能力与年龄、职业、文化程度、病程长短、经济状况、接受健康教育情况等因素有关。结论 Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自我管理水平总体偏低，并受诸多因素的影响，积极开展自我管理教育，充分地调动患者的主观能动性，让患者承担起管理自身疾病的责任和任务，提高治疗效果。

Study on Self-care Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Analysis of Related Factors

Objective To study the self-care level of patients with type 2 diabetes and discuss its related factors.Methods 198 outpatients with diabetes mellitus were evaluated by the self-care measuring scale and basic information questionnaire.Results The self-care scores in patients with type 2 diabetes were significantly low.The self-care level in these patients were correlated with age,vocation,education degree,duration of illness,presence or absence of health-education and economic status.Conclusion Diabetic patients had low self-care level,which is affected by a wide range of influential factors.While patients are receiving medical treatment,nurses should actively develop self-care education,raise their subjective motility,make them assume the responsibility of self-care so as to raise therapeutic efficacy.