坐骨神经损伤后相应脊髓前角运动神经元的形态学变化

目的探讨坐骨神经损伤与修复过程中相应脊髓前角外侧核运动神经元的形态学变化,并对神经元尼氏染色法的应用价值进行评估。方法采用硅胶管套接切断的大鼠坐骨神经模型,应用焦油紫染色、甲苯胺蓝染色和硫堇染色等3种尼氏法对伤后7、14、30d脊髓前角运动神经元进行形态学观察。结果应用3种染色方法均观察到坐骨神经伤侧脊髓前角外侧核大、中型运动神经元的形态结构和存活率与对照侧有明显差别。与对照侧比较,伤后7d伤侧脊髓神经元数目减少,存活率降低;伤后14d和伤后30d,尤其是伤后30d,伤侧脊髓神经元数目减少更显著,存活率下降更明显,有些神经元轮廓不清且尼氏体模糊。结论随着大鼠坐骨神经损伤时间的延长,其相应脊髓前角运动神经元的损伤程度逐渐增加,尤其是伤后30d退变非常明显。焦油紫染色方法是显示神经元尼氏体及反映神经元生活状态的简捷有效的方法。

The morphological changes of related spinal motorneurons after sciatic nerve injury in rats

Objective To explore the morphological changes of related spinal anerior horn moto rneurons after injury of rat sciatic nerve and evaluate the methods of staining the neuron Nissl bodies.Methods Selected the rats with the right scia tic nerve transected as models,the morphological changes of related sp inal motorneurons at 7,14and 30days after sciatic nerve injury was observed by using Cresyl violot staining,toluidine blue staining a nd thionin staining respectively.Results There were significant differences in the morphological changes and survive rate of related spinal motorneurons between the injury side and t he control side after injury by the th ree staining techniques.Compared with the control groups,the numbers of spinal motorneurons was decrease d and the percentage of the survived s pinal motorneurons was lowered after injury of 7days and 14days;the above changes were more obviously after injury of 30days and the Nissl bodies in some neurons were diffused.Conclusion The effects of injury were gradually distintly along with the time prolon ged.Severe degeneration was observ ed especially after injury 30days.The staining me thod of Cresyl violot is the simplest and efficient way to show the structu re of spinal motorneurons and their active state.