儿童气管支气管异物伴发气管内肉芽的临床分析

目的:探讨儿童气管支气管异物导致气管内肉芽的成因、相关性及如何改善气管支气管异物的预后。方法:回顾性研究968例确诊为气管异物的患儿，其中74例患儿气管内伴生有肉芽，对患儿的性别、病程、出院时影像学进行分析。结果:男性患儿的气管内肉芽发生率为7.1%，女性患儿为8.8%，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；64.9%的伴肉芽的患儿提供了异物史，84.7%无肉芽的患儿提供了异物史，提供异物史的患儿气管内肉芽发生率为6.0%，显著低于未提供异物史患儿的16.0%（P < 0.01）；伴肉芽的患儿出院时影像学上有肺炎表现的为31.1%，明显高于无肉芽的患儿的17.1%（P < 0.01）。 结论:性别与肉芽形成无关，异物史与肉芽发生有关，手术中尽可能取出肉芽，能改善气管支气管异物患儿的预后。

Clinical analysis of the tracheobronchial foreign body complicated with tracheal granulation in children

Objective: To detect the cause of tracheal granulation and its correlation with tracheobronchial foreign body in children,and find the means to improve the prognosis of tracheobronchial foreign body.Methods: The data of the gender,course of disease,imaging at discharge in 968 children with trachebronchial foreign body(including 76 children complicated with tracheal granulation) were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The incidence rates of tracheal granuloma in male and female were 7.1% and 8.8%,respectively,the difference of which was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).The foreign body history was identified in 64.9% of the patients with tracheal granuloma and 84.7% of patients without tracheal granuloma.The incidence rate of tracheal granuloma in patients with foreign body history(6.0%) was significantly lower than that in patients without foreign body history(16.0%) (P < 0.01).The imaging performance of the pneumonia in 31.1% of patients with granuloma at discharge was found,which was significantly higher than that in 17.1% of patients without granuloma(P < 0.01).Conclusions: The formation of granuloma is not correlation with gender,and is correlation with foreign body history.The removal of granulation during the operation can improve the prognosis of tracheobronchial foreign body.